Building your own gaming PC has several advantages: it offers the best value for your investment, allows for high levels of customizability, and provides a sense of accomplishment. However, the process can be challenging without a guide. But don’t worry, this article will guide you through every step of the process.
Setting Your Budget and Defining Your Requirements
Before you start purchasing components, careful planning is necessary. The first step is to set a budget and define your requirements. The performance requirements of your desired games greatly influence the kind of hardware you’ll need.
Here’s our suggestion for you:
Determine Your Budget
Before buying the components, determine your target budget range or decide how much you are willing to spend. This will help you make informed decisions about what to buy. Consider these factors:
Initial cost: This includes all the components necessary to build the PC.
Upgrade costs: Will you want to upgrade your PC in the future? If so, factor this into your budget.
Peripheral costs: Remember to include the costs of peripherals such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and others in your budget allocations.
Define Your Gaming Requirements
What types of games do you want to play and what kind of gaming experience do you desire? The answers to these questions will help you determine the components you need.
Casual gaming: If you’re a casual gamer who plays less demanding games, you won’t need the most powerful components. A mid-range CPU and GPU should be sufficient.
High-end gaming: If you are a pro who plays advanced games with high settings, you’ll need a powerful CPU and GPU. You should also consider having a high-resolution monitor, gaming keyboard, and mouse.
VR/AR gaming: Virtual and augmented reality games require even more power, especially from the GPU. Make sure your chosen components are VR/AR ready.
Streaming: If you are into game streaming, then a strong CPU, large capacity RAM, and a good-quality microphone and webcam are important.
Define Your Non-Gaming Requirements
If your PC won’t be solely for gaming, identify other purposes you have in mind for using it.
Consider the following possibilities:
Productivity: If you use your PC for work or school, you may need additional storage or a multi-core processor for better storage and fast access.
Media Playing: If you use your PC to watch movies or play music, you might need to invest in a high-quality sound card and display.
Content creation: For a PC that performs tasks such as video editing, 3D modeling, and other types of content creation, opt for a fast CPU, ample RAM, and a professional-grade GPU.
Once you’ve defined your budget and requirements, you can start researching and choosing your components.
Selecting the Right Components
This part of selecting your desired components requires careful consideration and planning. The performance, aesthetics, and cost of your PC all depend on the components you choose.
Let’s explore the essential parts you need to consider.
A. Choosing the Ideal Processor (CPU)
The CPU is the heart of your gaming PC, determining how efficiently your system processes information. When selecting a CPU, consider factors like core count, clock speed, and price-performance ratio. High-end options, such as Intel’s Core i9 or AMD’s Ryzen 9, are excellent for gaming or complex tasks. However, mid-range processors can also provide excellent performance.
B. Exploring Different Graphics Card (GPU) Options
The GPU renders images, animations, and videos in your games. For high-end gaming, consider graphics cards like the Nvidia RTX 3080 or AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT. If you’re on a budget, options like the Nvidia GTX 1660 Super or AMD Radeon RX 580 offer great value for money.
C. Selecting the Appropriate Motherboard
The motherboard is the hub that connects all your components. Ensure that it supports your desired features, such as enough PCIe slots for your GPU(s), RAM slots, and storage options. Consider the form factor that fits your case and the CPU socket type that matches your chosen processor.
D. Deciding on the Right Amount and Type of RAM
RAM temporarily holds data your system needs quick access to. 16GB of RAM is sufficient for gaming, but heavy multitaskers or streamers might benefit from 32GB. It’s also important to consider adding high-speed DDR4 RAM compatible with the motherboard.
Here’s a tip to help you make the best choice for RAM:
How Much RAM Do You Need?
Your RAM needs will depend on the nature of the games you play and other PC activities you engage in.
8GB: This is the minimum recommended for modern gaming. It should be enough if you’re a casual gamer who only runs a few other applications while gaming.
16GB: This is the sweet spot for most gamers. It provides ample memory for virtually all modern games and enough for comfortable multitasking (like gaming with a web browser open).
32GB and up: This much memory is typically unnecessary for most gamers but could prove helpful if you’re a heavy multitasker, a streamer, or if you use demanding applications like video editing software.
What Type of RAM Should You Choose?
There are several types of RAM on the market, but the modern type for gaming PCs is DDR4. Here’s what you need to know when choosing RAM:
DDR4 vs. DDR3: DDR4 is the standard for modern gaming PCs. It’s faster and more efficient than DDR3. Most new motherboards only support DDR4.
Speed: The speed of the RAM can impact performance. Faster RAM (measured in MHz) can offer better performance, although the difference in gaming is usually minimal. Something in the range of 2400 to 3200 MHz is typically sufficient.
Latency: Lower latency (measured in CL) means quicker response times. However, like speed, the impact on gaming performance is generally minimal.
Dual Channel: For optimal performance, it’s recommended to utilize dual-channel memory. This means using two or more RAM sticks of the same make and model.
Always check your motherboard’s compatibility before purchasing RAM. It should list the types, speeds, and capacities of RAM it supports.
E. Considering Storage Options for Your Gaming PC
Proper storage can significantly reduce game load times and provide a smoother gaming experience. It’s important to consider a setup that balances optimal performance with cost-effectiveness. Here’s what you need to consider:
A. Types of Storage
There are two types of storage:
- Solid State Drives (SSDs): SSDs use flash memory to store data, resulting in faster loading times for games and applications. However, they are more expensive per gigabyte compared to HDDs.
- Hard Disk Drives (HDDs): HDDs use magnetic storage and are slower than SSDs but offer a more cost-effective solution in terms of storage capacity.
B. How Much Storage Do You Need?
The amount of storage you need depends on the number of games, apps, and other files you plan to install.
- 500GB to 1TB: This is usually sufficient for most gamers, providing enough space for several games, the operating system, and other applications.
- 2TB and up: For hardcore gamers or professionals who require larger storage capacities for extensive files such as videos, photos, and other large content, opting for a larger drive or multiple drives with 2TB or more is recommended.
C. SSD + HDD Combination
Many gamers choose a setup that includes both an SSD and an HDD to enjoy the benefits of both:
- SSD for speed: Install your operating system and frequently played games on the SSD to ensure fast loading times.
- HDD for storage: Use the HDD for mass storage, storing less frequently played games, other applications, and files.
F. Power Supply Considerations
The power supply unit (PSU) is responsible for powering all the hardware in your PC. Therefore, it should have sufficient wattage to support all your components, with some headroom for future upgrades. Additionally, consider efficiency ratings, as a higher rating signifies a more efficient PSU that can help save on electricity costs. Here’s a guide to choosing your power supply:
A. Wattage
Power supply units (PSUs) convert AC electricity from wall outlets into DC power that the CPU, HDD, memory modules, and other components can utilize.
Calculate your power needs: Add up the power requirements of all your components. Online calculators are available to help determine the required wattage. Take into account the power consumption of all parts, especially those that require more power, such as the CPU, GPU, RAM, storage, and cooling solutions.
Leave some headroom: It’s advisable to choose a PSU that exceeds your calculated needs. Having extra capacity ensures your PSU can handle peak loads and accommodate potential future upgrades. Add around 20-30% for a safer allowance on top of your calculated requirements.
B. Efficiency
PSU efficiency measures the amount of power drawn from the outlet that is converted into usable power for your components.
80 Plus ratings: PSUs with an 80 Plus rating are at least 80% efficient. Higher rating levels, such as 80 Plus Bronze, Silver, Gold, Platinum, and Titanium, indicate even greater efficiency.
Why is it important? A more efficient PSU consumes less electricity and produces less heat, reducing the risk of overheating.
C. Form Factor
Ensure that the PSU is compatible with your case. The most common form factor for desktop PCs is ATX, but smaller cases may require SFX or other form factors.
D. Connectors
Make sure the PSU has all the connectors your components need. This includes connectors for the motherboard, CPU, GPU, storage drives, and the extras like case fans or RGB lighting.
G. Cooling Solutions for Optimal Performance
Verify that the PSU has all the necessary connectors for your components, including connectors for the motherboard, CPU, GPU, storage drives, as well as any additional components like case fans or RGB lighting.
By considering wattage, efficiency, form factor, and connectors, you can choose a power supply that meets the needs of your PC and ensures optimal performance and reliability.
A. Air Cooling
Air cooling is a widely used method that utilizes fans to remove heat from your components. It is less expensive and simpler to install compared to liquid cooling.
CPU Cooler: A CPU cooler is essential for preventing overheating in your computer system. It reduces processor temperature through active and passive cooling using fans for airflow and optimized heat transfer. Most CPU coolers include a heatsink, fans, and thermal compound for efficient cooling.
Case Fans: These fans help move air through your case, contributing to the cooling of all your components. Consider the size and number of fans your case supports, as well as finding the right balance between airflow and noise levels.
B. Liquid Cooling
In contrast, liquid cooling uses water or another liquid to transfer heat away from your components. It can be more effective, especially for high-performance or overclocked systems, and is often quieter.
All-In-One (AIO) Coolers: AIO coolers efficiently utilize a radiator, tubing, and fan to move heat away from CPUs. They leverage water’s superior thermal conductivity for efficient cooling and are typically easier to install compared to custom loops.
Custom Loops: Custom loops offer the best cooling performance but are more complex to install and maintain. They can cool multiple components, including the CPU, GPU, and even RAM or motherboard.
Hybrid Cooling
Some components, like certain GPUs, use a hybrid cooling solution that combines a liquid cooling loop for the GPU core with a fan for other components on the card.
Cooling isn’t just about performance; it also affects noise levels and aesthetics. When choosing a cooling solution, consider your performance needs, noise tolerance, visual preferences, and budget.
IV. Researching and Comparing Brands
Before making a purchase, it’s wise to research and decide on the brand you want to invest in for your gaming PC. Take some time to explore popular gaming PC brands and evaluate their pros and cons. Reading reviews and user feedback can provide valuable insights into a brand’s reliability and performance. Here’s an effective way to research and compare brands:
A. Read Reviews
Pay attention to customer reviews, as they can provide valuable information about a brand. Look at the average rating and common themes mentioned in the reviews.
B. Compare Specifications
When comparing brands, ensure you’re looking at similar specifications. Two brands may offer the same components but have different clock speeds or cooling solutions. Make sure you’re comparing like for like.
C. Consider Customer Support and Warranty
Check what kind of warranty is offered and read reviews about the brand’s customer support. This can save you a lot of hassle if something goes wrong with your PC.
D. Price vs. Performance
While pricey components often deliver superior performance, this is not always the case. Some brands may charge extra for features that don’t necessarily enhance gaming performance, such as RGB lighting or high-end construction materials.
E. Brand-Specific Features
Different brands may offer unique features. For example, certain GPU brands may include software that makes overclocking easier, or certain SSD brands may offer data migration tools. Consider these brand-specific features when making your decision.
F. Compatibility and Aesthetics
Ensure that the components from your chosen brand are compatible with your other components. Additionally, consider the aesthetics of the brand’s products if visual appeal is important to you.
V. Assembling Your Gaming PC
To start assembling your gaming PC, begin by installing the CPU, GPU, and RAM components before connecting the motherboard, storage, and power supply. Then, incorporate any additional parts or peripherals as necessary. Proper cable management is essential for maintaining airflow and keeping your system clean. Here’s a quick reference for the process:
A. Gather Your Tools
Prepare the necessary tools, including a screwdriver, an anti-static wrist strap, a tester, and ensure you have a well-lit workspace.
B. Prepare Your Case
Remove the side panels from your case and locate the standoffs (small metal pegs) that match the holes on your motherboard
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C. Install the Power Supply
Fit the power supply into its designated bay, ensuring the fan points towards the vent, and secure it with screws.
D. Install the CPU
Open the CPU socket on the motherboard, align the CPU with the socket (look for the corner markers), and gently lower it in. Close the socket latch to secure it.
E. Install the RAM
Open the latches on the RAM slots, align the notch on the RAM stick with the ridge in the slot, and firmly push down until the latches snap.
F. Install the CPU Cooler
If using an air cooler, apply a small amount of thermal paste to the CPU and secure the cooler on top following its instructions. For a liquid cooler, follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
G. Install the Motherboard
Lower the motherboard into the case, aligning the holes with the standoffs. Screw it into place, being careful not to overtighten.
H. Install the Storage
Properly install the storage by connecting the SATA cable to a port on the motherboard. Then, insert the solid-state drive or hard disk.
I. Install the GPU
Remove the appropriate backplate(s) from the case, open the latch on the PCIe slot, align the GPU with the slot, and gently push down until it clicks into place. Finally, secure it by screwing it into the backplate.
J. Connect Everything
Using the cables from your power supply, connect all the components. Additionally, attach any case fans and connect the front panel connectors for power, reset, and LEDs.
K. Final Checks and Boot Up
Before turning on the power, ensure that all connections are secure. Then, attach your keyboard, mouse, and monitor. Finally, power on the device. If all the steps were completed correctly, the BIOS screen should appear.
VI. Installing the Operating System and Drivers
After completing the assembly, it’s time to install your chosen operating system and configure its settings. Remember to update drivers for optimal performance.
After physically assembling your dream gaming PC, the next step is to install the operating system (OS) and necessary drivers. This will allow you to install games and start playing. Here’s how to do it:
A. Choose and Install an Operating System
The most popular OS for gaming is Windows due to its compatibility with most games. However, Linux distributions like Ubuntu or SteamOS are also viable options for some gamers.
To make a USB drive bootable, obtain the ISO file for your chosen operating system and use a tool like Rufus (on Windows) or balenaEtcher (on Linux).
Install the Operating System:
Turn on your brand-new computer and insert the USB drive. Set the USB disk as the default boot device and follow the prompts of the OS installation until you complete the setup.
B. Update Your OS
Before installing anything else, it’s a good idea to update your operating system to ensure you have the latest security patches and features.
Windows: Go to Settings, select “Update & Security,” click on “Windows Update,” and then click “Check for updates.”
Linux: The specific command may vary depending on the distribution, but for Ubuntu-based distributions, it’s often something like “sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade.”
C. Install Drivers
Drivers allow your operating system to communicate with your hardware. Ensure you have the necessary drivers for the following components: GPU, motherboard, and other peripherals like your keyboard, printer, or mouse.
GPU drivers: To install GPU drivers, visit the manufacturer’s website and follow their provided process. Popular GPU makers include Nvidia, AMD, and Intel, and they offer online support to help you find the correct driver for your model.
Motherboard drivers: Visit the manufacturer’s website to find your specific model and download and install the recommended drivers. This typically includes drivers for the chipset, audio, LAN, and more.
Peripheral drivers: Most gaming peripherals are automatically installed by your operating system. However, for some devices, you may need to download software from the manufacturer’s website to access additional features.
D. Set Up Your Gaming Environment
Install your favorite games and any necessary gaming clients, such as Steam, Epic Games Store, or Battle.net. Consider installing other useful software like a web browser, a voice chat app like Discord, and any streaming or recording software you plan to use. Ensure that you download drivers and software from trusted sources to avoid malware.
VII. Testing and Benchmarking
After building your dream gaming PC, it’s important to test and benchmark your system to ensure everything is functioning correctly and to assess its performance under load. Here’s how to do it:
A. Initial Testing
Before running any benchmarks, make sure all your hardware is working correctly. Check the Device Manager in Windows to ensure that each device is recognized and functioning properly. Monitor CPU and GPU temperatures using programs like HWMonitor or Speccy to prevent overheating issues.
B. Benchmarking Tools
Use benchmarking tools to push your system to its limits and obtain a score that can be compared with other systems. This process helps identify potential performance issues and allows you to take appropriate action.
CPU Benchmarks: Tools like Cinebench or Geekbench can test your CPU’s performance.
GPU Benchmarks: Use tools like 3DMark or FurMark to stress test your GPU.
Whole System Benchmarks: Whole system benchmarks consider all hardware and software configurations to provide a comprehensive performance assessment. They offer side-by-side comparisons, help identify hardware investments, detect issues, and provide insights into the impact of new components on performance. Results can also be used for diagnosis and troubleshooting.
Games with Built-in Benchmarks: Some games come with built-in benchmarks that measure the performance of your gaming PC. These benchmarks allow you to compare hardware configurations and identify optimal setups. Examples of games with built-in benchmarks include Assassin’s Creed Odyssey, Far Cry 5, PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds (PUBG), The New Colossus, Shadow of War, and more.
C. Stress Testing
Stress testing is crucial when building a new PC as it exposes components to extreme loads to identify potential issues. This process uses specialized software to assess performance and detect possible weak points, preventing system crashes or malfunctions.
CPU Stress Testing: CPU stress testing is necessary to ensure component stability. It involves running an intensive workload on the CPU for extended periods using benchmark tests like Prime95 or SuperPI. Monitoring temperature, voltage, and frequency levels helps identify potential issues. Running these tests for at least an hour ensures safe performance.
GPU Stress Testing: Stress testing ensures that your custom-built PC has a suitable graphics processing unit (GPU). This process helps identify potential problems or weaknesses in the GPU. There are two approaches: using built-in stress test features or benchmarking software to compare GPUs against others and identify areas where hardware may lag.
Remember to monitor temperatures during benchmarking and stress testing. If temperatures get too high (90°C or above for most CPUs and GPUs), you should stop the test and investigate your cooling solution. Happy testing!
VIII. Customizing and Personalizing Your Gaming PC
Building your dream gaming PC goes beyond assembling the hardware and setting up the software. The final step is customizing and personalizing your PC. Here are some ways to do it:
A. Case Customization
There are many ways to personalize your PC’s case. For example, you can add RGB lighting or custom decals if you have the space and budget.
RGB Lighting: RGB lighting is a popular and affordable way to customize the appearance of your PC. It adds a personal touch to desktops, laptops, and gaming rigs. With compatible software, you can control colors and modes, creating impressive visual effects. RGB lighting is found in components like RAM, PC cases, motherboards, graphics cards, CPU coolers, and power supplies.
Custom Panels or Decals: Some cases have interchangeable panels, or you can add decals to personalize your case.
Cable Management: Neatly managing your cables improves airflow and gives your build a more professional look.
B. Software Customization
Personalize your operating system and applications to match your preferences.
Desktop Themes and Wallpapers: Choose a theme or wallpaper that reflects your style.
Custom Icons: Change the icons for your favorite apps or folders.
Rainmeter: Rainmeter is an application for Windows that allows you to display customizable skins on your desktop, such as clocks, CPU usage meters, weather forecasts, and more.
C. Peripherals
Your keyboard, mouse, and monitor are another opportunity for customization.
RGB Peripherals: Many gaming keyboards and mice come with customizable RGB lighting.
Monitor Settings: Adjust your monitor’s color settings to suit your preferences. Some monitors also have customizable on-screen displays.
Mouse DPI and Macros: If you have a gaming mouse, you can adjust the DPI (dots per inch) to change the sensitivity. You can also set up macros for complex commands.
IX. Maintenance and Upgrades
To ensure longevity:
Keep your gaming PC clean and dust-free.
Regularly monitor temperatures and system health.
Consider upgrading components as technology advances to improve performance over time.
After building, customizing, and personalizing your dream gaming PC, the next step is maintaining it properly and planning for future upgrades. This will keep your PC delivering optimal performance and ensure it stays updated with the latest games and applications.
A. Routine Maintenance
Routine maintenance can prolong the life of your PC and keep it running smoothly.
Cleaning: Dust can accumulate inside your PC, obstructing airflow and leading to overheating. Regularly clean your PC with compressed air, being careful not to damage any components.
Software Updates: Keep your operating system and drivers updated to ensure compatibility and security.
Hard Drive Health: Regularly check your hard drive’s health using built-in tools like Windows’ Check Disk utility.
B. Performance Monitoring
Monitor your PC’s performance to identify potential issues before they become serious.
Temperature Monitoring: Use software like HWMonitor to monitor your CPU and GPU temperatures, especially during heavy use.
Resource Usage: Task Manager in Windows or System Monitor in Linux can show you how your system resources are being utilized.
C. Planning for Upgrades
Even the best PCs can benefit from upgrades as technology advances.
Identifying Performance Issues: If your computer is not meeting your performance expectations, analyze the root causes. A slow CPU, insufficient RAM, or an outdated GPU could be possible reasons for its sluggish performance.
Upgrade Path: Plan your upgrade path based on your findings and find components that match or are compatible with your existing setup.
Remember, maintaining and upgrading your PC is an ongoing process. With regular attention and care, your dream gaming PC can provide you with years of gaming enjoyment.
Conclusion
Building your dream gaming PC is a rewarding journey that combines technical skills, creative design, and personal customization. From researching and comparing brands, assembling the components, and installing the operating system and drivers to testing and benchmarking your PC, each step offers its own challenges and satisfaction.
However, the process doesn’t end once your PC successfully boots up. Customizing and personalizing your setup will make your PC truly yours. And remember, regular maintenance and upgrades will keep your gaming rig in top shape and help it evolve with the ever-advancing gaming industry.
The joy of building a PC lies in the result and the process itself. Take your time, enjoy each step, and before you know it, you’ll have a gaming PC you can be proud of.
